Now, to understand ORM, we first need to know what it solves. In traditional programming, we use databases to store data. We define a schema, which describes the structure of the tables, and then we write code to interact with the database. This code will typically be SQL statements that insert, update, or retrieve data from the database.

The problem with this approach is that it can become quite cumbersome. As our code grows, we have to write more and more SQL statements to interact with the database. This can lead to a lot of boilerplate code, which is both error-prone and time-consuming to write.

This is where ORM comes in. ORM is a programming technique that allows us to interact with a database using objects instead of SQL statements. The basic idea is that we define classes that represent the data in our database, and the ORM tool will take care of generating the SQL statements for us.

For example, let’s say we have a table in our database called “Customers” with columns for “ID”, “Name”, and “Email”. With ORM, we can define a class in our code called “Customer” that has properties for “ID”, “Name”, and “Email”. The ORM tool will then generate the SQL statements to insert, update, or retrieve data from the “Customers” table based on our interactions with the “Customer” class.

The benefits of using ORM are many. First, it can simplify our code by reducing the amount of SQL statements we need to write. Second, it can make our code more readable by allowing us to work with objects instead of SQL statements. Third, it can make our code more maintainable by abstracting away the details of the database schema.

However, ORM is not without its downsides. It can introduce performance issues, as the ORM tool may generate inefficient SQL statements. It can also lead to issues with database portability, as different databases may have different syntax for the same SQL statements.

In conclusion, ORM is a powerful tool for simplifying database interactions in our code. It allows us to work with objects instead of SQL statements, which can make our code more readable and maintainable. However, we need to be careful to ensure that our ORM tool generates efficient SQL statements and that our code remains portable across different databases